Differential Diagnosis: Neutrophilia

Following are differential diagnoses for patients presented with an elevated neutrophil count.

• Increased production associated with bone marrow response to inflammation

  • Infection (eg, bacterial, viral, fungal, protozoal) of any organ system 

  • Sterile inflammation (eg, immune-mediated disease, neoplasia, tissue trauma or necrosis) 

• Increased production associated with bone marrow response to peripheral cytopenias (eg, hemolytic anemia, hemorrhagic anemia, thrombocytopenia) 

• Glucocorticoid-associated

  • Stress (physical)

  • Glucocorticoid administration

  • Hyperadrenocorticism

• Granulocytic leukemia

• Specific infections causing severe leukemoid response 

  • Hepatozoonosis (Hepatozoon canis)

  • Babesiosis (Babesia canis)

• Leukocyte adhesion deficiencies in dogs (eg, Irish setter), usually associated with hypersegmented neutrophils